(编辑：jimmy 日期: 2024/11/15 浏览：2)
MQTT简介
MQTT（Message Queuing Telemetry Transport，消息队列遥测传输）是IBM开发的一个即时通讯协议，有可能成为物联网的重要组成部分。该协议支持所有平台，几乎可以把所有联网物品和外部连接起来，被用来当做传感器和制动器（比如通过Twitter让房屋联网）的通信协议。
Docker安装RabbitMQ配置MQTT
使用RabbitMQ作为MQTT服务端，Eclipse Paho作为客户端。宿主机系统为ubuntu16.04
Docker下载镜像
docker pull daocloud.io/library/rabbitmq:3.7.4
启动RabbitMQ
docker run -d --hostname my-rabbit --name some-rabbit -p 15672:15672 -p 5672:5672 -p 1883:1883 -p 15675:15675 daocloud.io/library/rabbitmq:3.7.4
注意映射容器端口
启用插件
默认安装后我们需要手动开启rabbitmq_management插件，rabbitmq_mqtt插件和rabbitmq_web_mqtt插件。
执行如下三条命令
docker exec <容器ID> rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management docker exec <容器ID> rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_mqtt docker exec <容器ID> rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_web_mqtt
当然你也可以写个脚本start.sh，复制到容器中
/usr/sbin/rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management /usr/sbin/rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_mqtt /usr/sbin/rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_web_mqtt
进入容器执行这个脚本。
sh start.sh
开放宿主机端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=15672/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=5672/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1883/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=15675/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --reload
Python MQTT客户端实现
安装python包
pip install paho-mqtt
发送数据demo（消费者）
# 使用前需要启动hbase和thrift服务器
# 启动hbase在cd /usr/local/hbase下bin/start-hbase.sh 默认端口为 60000
# 启动thrift服务器cd /usr/local/hbase/bin执行./hbase-daemon.sh start thrift 默认端口为9090
import sys
import os
dir_common = os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0] + '/../'
sys.path.append(dir_common) # 将根目录添加到系统目录,才能正常引用common文件夹
import argparse #
import logging
import time,datetime
from common.py_log import init_logger,init_console_logger
from common.config import *
from common.py_hbase import PyHbase
import time,json
from common.py_rabbit import Rabbit_Consumer
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt
import time
HOST = "192.168.2.46"
PORT = 1883
def client_loop():
client_id = time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S',time.localtime(time.time()))
client = mqtt.Client(client_id) # ClientId不能重复，所以使用当前时间
client.username_pw_set("guest", "guest") # 必须设置，否则会返回「Connected with result code 4」
client.on_connect = on_connect
client.on_message = on_message
client.connect(HOST, PORT, 60)
client.loop_forever()
def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc):
print("Connected with result code "+str(rc))
client.subscribe("test")
def on_message(client, userdata, msg):
print(msg.topic+" "+msg.payload.decode("utf-8"))
if __name__ == '__main__':
client_loop()
接收数据demo（生产者）
import sys
import os
dir_common = os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0] + '/../'
sys.path.append(dir_common) # 将根目录添加到系统目录,才能正常引用common文件夹
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt
import time
HOST = "192.168.2.46"
PORT = 1883
def client_loop():
client_id = time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S',time.localtime(time.time()))
client = mqtt.Client(client_id) # ClientId不能重复，所以使用当前时间
client.username_pw_set("guest", "guest") # 必须设置，否则会返回「Connected with result code 4」
client.on_connect = on_connect
client.on_message = on_message
client.connect(HOST, PORT, 60)
client.loop_forever()
def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc):
print("Connected with result code "+str(rc))
client.subscribe("test")
def on_message(client, userdata, msg):
print(msg.topic+" "+msg.payload.decode("utf-8"))
if __name__ == '__main__':
client_loop()
生产者demo
# import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt
import paho.mqtt.publish as publish
import time
HOST = "192.168.2.46"
PORT = 1883
def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc):
print("Connected with result code "+str(rc))
client.subscribe("test")
def on_message(client, userdata, msg):
print(msg.topic+" "+msg.payload.decode("utf-8"))
if __name__ == '__main__':
client_id = time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S',time.localtime(time.time()))
# client = mqtt.Client(client_id) # ClientId不能重复，所以使用当前时间
# client.username_pw_set("guest", "guest") # 必须设置，否则会返回「Connected with result code 4」
# client.on_connect = on_connect
# client.on_message = on_message
# client.connect(HOST, PORT, 60)
# client.publish("test", "你好 MQTT", qos=0, retain=False) # 发布消息
publish.single("test", "你好 MQTT", qos = 1,hostname=HOST,port=PORT, client_id=client
官方文档：
mqtt http://www.rabbitmq.com/mqtt.html
总结
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