(编辑:jimmy 日期: 2025/1/10 浏览:2)
scrapy是目前python使用的最广泛的爬虫框架
架构图如下
解释:
一。安装
pip install Twisted.whl
pip install Scrapy
Twisted的版本要与安装的python对应,https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/1709ad8027be404634c4f0e8.html
二。代码
本实例采用xpaths解析页面数据
按住shift-右键-在此处打开命令窗口
输入scrapy startproject qiushibaike 创建项目
输入scrapy genspiderqiushibaike 创建爬虫
1>结构
2>qiushibaike.py爬虫文件
import scrapy from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor from scrapy.spiders.crawl import Rule, CrawlSpider class BaiduSpider(CrawlSpider): name = 'qiushibaike' allowed_domains = ['qiushibaike.com'] start_urls = ['https://www.qiushibaike.com/text/']#启始页面 # rules= ( Rule(LinkExtractor(restrict_xpaths=r'//a[@class="contentHerf"]'),callback='parse_item',follow=True), Rule(LinkExtractor(restrict_xpaths=r'//ul[@class="pagination"]/li/a'),follow=True) ) def parse_item(self, response): title=response.xpath('//h1[@class="article-title"]/text()').extract_first().strip() #标题 time=response.xpath(' //span[@class="stats-time"]/text()').extract_first().strip() #发布时间 content=response.xpath('//div[@class="content"]/text()').extract_first().replace(' ','\n') #内容 score=response.xpath('//i[@class="number"]/text()').extract_first().strip() #好笑数 yield({"title":title,"content":content,"time":time,"score":score});
3>pipelines.py 数据管道[code]class QiushibaikePipeline:
class QiushibaikePipeline: def open_spider(self,spider):#启动爬虫中调用 self.f=open("xiaoshuo.txt","w",encoding='utf-8') def process_item(self, item, spider): info=item.get("title")+"\n"+ item.get("time")+" 好笑数"+item.get("score")+"\n"+ item.get("content")+'\n' self.f.write(info+"\n") self.f.flush() def close_spider(self,spider):#关闭爬虫中调用 self.f.close()
4>settings.py
开启ZhonghengPipeline
ITEM_PIPELINES = { 'qiushibaike.pipelines.QiushibaikePipeline': 300, }
5>0main.py运行
from scrapy.cmdline import execute execute('scrapy crawl qiushibaike'.split())
6>结果:
生成xiaohua.txt,里面有下载的笑话文字
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持。