(编辑:jimmy 日期: 2024/12/26 浏览:2)
矩形选区是一种常见的对象选择方式,这个名词最常见于Photoshop中,用于在一个子图选择鼠标拖动的矩形区域中的元素,在matplotlib中的矩形选区属于部件(widgets),matplotlib中的部件都是中性(neutral )的,即与具体后端实现无关。
矩形选区具体实现定义为matplotlib.widgets.RectangleSelector类,继承关系为:Widget->AxesWidget->_SelectorWidget->RectangleSelector。
RectangleSelector类的签名为class matplotlib.widgets.RectangleSelector(ax, onselect, drawtype='box', minspanx=0, minspany=0, useblit=False, lineprops=None, rectprops=None, spancoords='data', button=None, maxdist=10, marker_props=None, interactive=False, state_modifier_keys=None)
RectangleSelector类构造函数的参数为:
官方案例,https://matplotlib.org/gallery/widgets/rectangle_selector.html
拖动鼠标画出矩形选区,默认为交互模式,显示选区框,按esc键取消选区,控制台显示选区的坐标和使用的鼠标键。按t键切换矩形选区功能的激活状态,非激活状态矩形选区功能不生效。
控制台输出:
(0.74, -0.38) --> (8.90, 0.75)
The buttons you used were: 1 1
代码分析
from matplotlib.widgets import RectangleSelector import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt # 矩形选区选择时的回调函数 def line_select_callback(eclick, erelease): """ Callback for line selection. *eclick* and *erelease* are the press and release events. """ x1, y1 = eclick.xdata, eclick.ydata x2, y2 = erelease.xdata, erelease.ydata print(f"({x1:3.2f}, {y1:3.2f}) --> ({x2:3.2f}, {y2:3.2f})") print(f" The buttons you used were: {eclick.button} {erelease.button}") # 激活状态快捷键回调函数,active属性和set_active方法继承自_SelectorWidget类 def toggle_selector(event): print(' Key pressed.') if event.key == 't': if RS.active: print(' RectangleSelector deactivated.') RS.set_active(False) else: print(' RectangleSelector activated.') RS.set_active(True) # 绘图 fig, ax = plt.subplots() N = 100000 # If N is large one can see improvement by using blitting. x = np.linspace(0, 10, N) ax.plot(x, np.sin(2*np.pi*x)) # plot something ax.set_title( "Click and drag to draw a rectangle.\n" "Press 't' to toggle the selector on and off.") # 构造矩形选区实例,选取外观为矩形框,鼠标键为左键右键有效,允许保留选区 # drawtype is 'box' or 'line' or 'none' RS = RectangleSelector(ax, line_select_callback, drawtype='box', useblit=True, button=[1, 3], # disable middle button minspanx=5, minspany=5, spancoords='pixels', interactive=True) # 绑定键盘事件,实现切换矩形选区激活状态功能 fig.canvas.mpl_connect('key_press_event', toggle_selector) plt.show()